What are people's opinions on the subject of dealing with contraception (or the lack of it) in fantasies? I have seen references to herbs. Since to the best of my knowledge herbs don't work well in real life, so unless magic is involved this always struck me as unconvincing. There is always good ol' coitus interruptus which was actually used a lot as a form of contraception but is almost never mentioned, nor are condoms which there is evidence have been used on and off (hush, that wasn't a joke) since very ancient times.
I find having a sexually active MC (and to some degree this applies to males as well as females unless they immediately disappear from the vacinity)and not dealing with the possible consequences of sex just bothers me.
So what do you guys do about it (the subject not sex) and what do you find convincing in fantasy?
[This message has been edited by JeanneT (edited November 09, 2007).]
Nice little condom pun btw,
OK, well, honestly, my characters tend to lack the situations to have sex. I find the appetite is useful for sexual tension, or character frustration. But I haven't actually had any characters be intimate, and when I do it's usually very implicit. And in those cases, thinking about it, they've always produced offspring.
Edit: My grandmother once made a joke (horribly shocking my mother) about the only way to avoid sex was to spend all your time standing up. Whoa--this can be a dangerous topic. My POINT was that not having any possibility for sex might involve being locked in separate cells of the dungeon. LOL
Ok. I can't discuss this without saying things I shouldn't so I'll be quiet for a while.
[This message has been edited by JeanneT (edited November 09, 2007).]
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I find having a sexually active MC (and to some degree this applies to males as well as females unless they immediately disappear from the vacinity)and not dealing with the possible consequences of sex just bothers me.
I'm not entirely unconvinced by herbs. We've lost a lot of the lore of herbology, so it's possible they were more effective in the past. There's also the rhythm method, which can reduce the rate of pregnancy without any method. Finally, there's always, er, alternative sex.
Of bigger concern to me are STDs. Syphilis was huge in many cultures, not to mention gonorrhea, and so forth.
My MCs don't have a lot of sex, generally. In my WIP, when my female MC does, she's scared of the possibility of becoming pregnant.
My MCs are adult women and do have sexual partners so it's not a subject I feel I can totally ignore.
I decided to do something different and put in a passing reference to "male sheaths". We'll see what an editor or agent thinks of it. If it's a problem I can always change to herbs, but I am unconvinced from historical evidence and the lack of any data on existing herbs that they were ever effective.
Alternative forms of sex (don't you love our delicacy? *grins*) or interruption of sex--there is a lot of evidence they were widely used. I ran into a rather expicit scupture on the subject.
Edit: If you had an angry woman with a large weapon or angry male relatives, pregnancy was an issue with men as well, if somewhat less than women.
[This message has been edited by JeanneT (edited November 09, 2007).]
[This message has been edited by JeanneT (edited November 09, 2007).]
It's a level of detail that I think should be explored. The degree to which it is explored is proportionate to the realism of your world. Some fantasy novels are so over-the-top that it hardly matter. I can't imagine Conan saying, "Oh, sorry, I can't do this. I don't want to get you pregnant."
Or ... "Maybe we should consider alternative sex."
So, I think it depends on the book. It's a decision the author should make. In some books, I'd love such detail. In other, even if the characters are active, it really doesn't fit the style of fiction.
But if a novel has such things as condoms, I'd be way interesting in knowing about them. In fact, I'd feel disappointed if the author didn't tell me how they were made, what from, and maybe even how natural they feel.
Okay, maybe not that last part. But, you know, maybe. Or not. Either way, really. But yes.
Keep in mind our own societies, though they associated sex to pregnancy, did not understand how the semen fertilized the eggs etc.
I'd say the most typical form would be the "seed on the belly takes no root" approach, which is actually pretty effective, if the male is prompt :-)
Condoms of various sorts have been around for awhile and would also be reasonable, sheep gut was quite common, though the idea of reuseable condoms is awfully icky, washing out socks is bad enough :-)
In a pure fantasy setting, a barrier method like a sponge, dipped in a medicinal spermicide could also be effective.
Fo abortives, there are many herb's that can cause a spontaneous miscarriage, the problem is they generally carry significant dangers for the mother as well.
Tansy tea, in the GRRM novels, is a nice fantasy version of these abortives.
It is on the whole much easier to induce a miscarriage than prevent the actual pregnancy, depending on the technology available. Could be a nice moral quandary for your society on whether early term abortion.
Good luck with it.
I considered coitus interruptus but that involves a more detailed description that I generally prefer. I'm a "fade to black" gal.
That would suggest that using reasonable contraceptive aids would reduce the chances of a successful pregnancy.
I don't think much of making up a special herb...there are some real herbs and folk medicines that might do, along with real devices and methods that a writer could explore. (I read once that the Aztec or Mayan women chewed a tree bark that contained a chemical similar to that in the Pill---must've been Gary Jennings's novel Aztec, I guess.)
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I can't imagine Conan saying, "Oh, sorry, I can't do this. I don't want to get you pregnant."...I think it depends on the book. It's a decision the author should make. In some books, I'd love such detail. In other, even if the characters are active, it really doesn't fit the style of fiction.
I totally agree with lehollis on this. You have to take cultures into account, what kind of sex (rape, servant-master, prostitution, romantic, husband-wife), and the individual character into account.
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Tansy tea, in the GRRM novels, is a nice fantasy version of these abortives.
Also, they had the wall. Jon Snow is but one bastard. Robin Hobb adressed the issue as her protagonist in The Farseer Trilogy.
That contraceptive herbs, prophylactic-intestines, sponges, alternative sex (I assume you mean cunnilingus and the products of the isle of Lesbos and sheep), earth-maidens (barren prostitutes), and feminine washes were used at different times throughout history, it was all relative to the societal culture.
Also, the odds of a woman getting pregnant are not as easy as fifty-fifty. As most couples trying to have a baby know, it can be years of attempting before anything happens. So, there are a lot of factors.
An interesting aside: Has anyone read James Silke's four book series based on Frank Frazetta's Death Dealer? His battle rage turned to battle-lust when not sated--sort of a cost of the magic thing.
[This message has been edited by InarticulateBabbler (edited November 10, 2007).]
The problem with depending on there being a 50% infant mortality rate is that the woman is still relatively disabled for months with a pregnancy, so it doesn't work well for a lot of plot lines.
I think most of us are well aware that women could be killed for cutting their hair, wearing breeches or all sorts of things. Ignoring that for most of us is simply that that kind of thing still goes on in the world. Read about "honor killings" in a substantial portion of the world and you quickly realize that. I generally don't read fantasy for that. It's why I put down Kushiel's Dart half read. That series is also proof that some people have a strong interest in female bondage/masochism and whatnot.
Edit: And while men had to deal with the issue less than women, they didn't escape it entirely. There was always the risk of more children than you could feed or a "shotgun wedding" or just getting the s*** beaten out of you for despoiling someone's property that made this issue of interest to men, not to mention the issue of STD. I have read that Casanova used condoms.
[This message has been edited by JeanneT (edited November 10, 2007).]
Fertility Awareness Method is the name of the most rigorous one, not rhythm method or other basic calendar counting measures, though that is another option. A book by Toni Weschler covers the science behind it, but it's low-tech. The only thing your characters might not have is a thermometer to measure basal body temp (waking body temp) - which in FAM one looks for a rise to indicate ovulation.
It requires your cultures to have an awareness of fertility to the degree of understanding ovulation and menstruation. Or at least understanding ideas like "fertile time" and "infertile time."
In some parts of the world, aid workers distribute "moon beads" or other necklace/bracelet things that mothers use to count her cycle to help identify fertile times. The idea is that she can try to encourage her partner to not engage in those activities when she is most fertile, unless pregnancy achievement is their desire. It's also meant to be subtle, so that in cultures where many children are expected/desired, but women's health suffers, women can wear these bracelets without identifying their purpose, and count their way through their cycle. An average time of ovulation is about Cycle Day 14, roughly midway through what is an average cycle length of 28 days. Cycles are counted from first day of menstruation.
Not sure if this helps, but it's another option, I'm surprised it hasn't come up in the thread (maybe it did, I skimmed some.)
Oh, and for what it's worth, some herbs can be effective by changing the quality of the cervical fluid, which is the second of the three things a woman looks for with FAM. Cervical position is the last.
In an early culture where women breastfeed and carry their babies with them everywhere, you can also expect a minimum of 6 mos fertility inhibition from breastfeeding, though when ecological breastfeeding is practiced (baby nurses on demand and is with mother virtually all the time) the reality is more like child spacing of 2-4 years, longer in some cases.
Alternatively, you could have all the men bind themselves...there is some fertility inhibition by tightness/heat in that area for men...
I think if I ever did a book where sex was a larger part, this might be something to consider. I am just afraid that considering my strong feelings on the subject of the treatment of women that if I went into it, the book would turn into polemic rather than fiction.
I considered writing something where men were kept for stud purposes and prostitutes. I think it could make an interesting world building feature, but I don't find that much more pleasant than women being kept for the same purposes as they in essence were for much of history (and still sometimes are in some cultures).
[This message has been edited by JeanneT (edited November 10, 2007).]
The FDA associates an 85% rate with no birth control method; with "natural family planning" (aka fertility awareness or rhythm method) the rate is reduced to 25%, while withdrawal method=19%. This is based on "typical rate" of use, that is, with a certain inflation accounting for human error or non-use. If the methods are used correctly, and every single time, the rates are more like 1-9% for natural planning and 4% for withdrawal.
So, it seems to me with a little bit of knowledge and planning, a woman could significantly reduce her chances of getting pregnant, esp if she were to combine methods.
Deciding what your culture knows about sex is always an interesting task.
[This message has been edited by annepin (edited November 10, 2007).]
Sorry about not picking up on it. I think it is largely that I think using that (as I mentioned) would be intrusive in the story line or seems that way to me anyway. I prefer a mention it and forget it kind of method rather than having to bring in "sorry darling, not this week".
Actually it might be interesting in a book where sex was a theme though. I can see that being a rather fascinating alternative. I've always wanted to write a novel with a lot of sex. Maybe I should re-think the male sex slaves.
(just kidding)
Well, not kidding about a novel with a sexual theme...something along the lines of Kushiels Dart missing the degrading of women parts. *ponder ponder*
[This message has been edited by JeanneT (edited November 10, 2007).]
My first child was born while my wife was on the 6 month shot birth control, back in 1996.
My second child was born thanks to a lapse of...attention about 18 months later. Those little pills are not nearly as effective if you leave them in the box.
My third child, lost in a miscarriage, would have been born in 2000, my wife was taking her pills then, and we are pretty sure the misacarriage was a result of her continuing to take the pill before she knew she was pregnant.
Which to extend what annepin said (and contradict her a little - eep!), are related to but not the same as Natural Family Planning (a specific version of FAM sanctioned by the Roman Catholic Church that includes abstinence for pregnancy avoidance during fertile times. Someone not concerned with Roman Catholic Church sanctioned-methods might use a barrier method during that time, for instance.) And the rhythm method is the butt of all the jokes. "What do you call people who practice the rhythm method?" - "Parents!"
Perfect use for FAM is 1-3% failure rate, which is roughly comparable. I do not believe withdrawl has that kind of rate, though honestly I'm not searching for the data. Don't need THAT in my internet cache. LOL
JeanneT, if you do explore it as an idea for a future work, one useful tidbit - most women who have used FAM have found it to be an incredibly EMPOWERING thing, knowing and understanding your body's signals to that level is really powerful. There is a sorry lack of basic fertility education in the U.S., most women couldn't pinpoint any one sign of fertility much less the three overlapping ones used for FAM. Anyway...sorry, just one of my areas of interest (I've debated talking to the local high schools about teaching a class on fertility...)
Very interesting information.
[This message has been edited by JeanneT (edited November 10, 2007).]
Practices and beliefs are going to vary with differences in both culture and religion. The Roman Catholic Church is a good example of that.
[This message has been edited by lehollis (edited November 11, 2007).]
The standard method of birth control in most ancient cultures was to expose the newborn to the elements. Of course, this did not avoid the dangers of pregnancy. I'm under the impression that abortifacant herbs are more effective than herbs designed to prevent pregnancy.
Probably the safest method of birth control is the one we all assume Xena practiced.
I always assumed abstinence meant _any_ kind of sex.
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Actually, abstinence is not 100%...
*confused look* I thought abstinence meant not touching the other person in a stimulating way (i.e. kissing and holding hands is allowed, but not much else). Thus, short of rape, it is 100%.
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The standard method of birth control in most ancient cultures was to expose the newborn to the elements.
Um, that happens after birth, so I don't think it qualifies as "birth" control.
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Probably the safest method of birth control is the one we all assume Xena practiced.
I must be feeling contentious today. Xena hopped in bed with plenty of men (without any mention of birth control) and even had a couple babies, so I wouldn't look to her as a model of effective birth control.
quote:Many people consider abstinence to refer to abstaining from sexual intercourse, not abstaining from any sexual activity at all.
*confused look* I thought abstinence meant not touching the other person in a stimulating way (i.e. kissing and holding hands is allowed, but not much else).
quote:I disagree. I have no intention of taking that into consideration, and seriously doubt anyone will care. I'll say they practice birth control; she won't get pregnant.
Near as I can tell, no contraceptive method has one hundred percent reliability...and any fantasy or SF story involving one, real or imagined, would have to take that statistic into account.
quote:Well, as has been pointed out, this is not a method of birth control. It was used for reasons of eugenics and at times when a child simply could not be care for. But there are other methods of actual birth control which would prevent the "disability" of having a woman's ability to work substantially decreased for several months and were very easily practiced such as coitus interruptus or anal/oral sex.
The standard method of birth control in most ancient cultures was to expose the newborn to the elements.
I think we're getting a bit off the subject of how it can be used in writing for me at least, so I'll make this my last post on it though. Thanks for the input and suggestions.
[This message has been edited by JeanneT (edited November 11, 2007).]
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Natural Family Planning (a specific version of FAM sanctioned by the Roman Catholic Church...
FYI, NFP is not sanctioned by the Catholic Church except in grave situations.
Yes, you will find people within the church who use NFP without a grave situation, and you will even find many who actively promote it. But they are generally in error. The actual position of the Catholic Church as articulated by Papal Encyclical does not allow it without sufficient gravity.
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FYI, NFP is not sanctioned by the Catholic Church except in grave situations.
Edit: Firmly shuts mouth and leaves. Do NOT let me post on this subject again. I already had to apologize to Kathleen once this week.
[This message has been edited by JeanneT (edited November 12, 2007).]
I like hoptoad's method of birth control best.
Stories don't usually mention the times they go to the bathroom, or women have their menses cycle, or brush their teeth, or any number of mundane things we all do.
If a character gets pregnant, then it affects the plot. If there is no pregnancy, then does it really matter?
Lynda
[This message has been edited by JeanneT (edited November 12, 2007).]
JeanneT
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I can't help it. This totally startled me although I admit it has nothing to do with writing. You're saying that the Catholic Church says that couples can't abstain during a woman's fertile cycle? That's a bit startling.
That's not what I said. It is more complicated than that. The simple answer is that Catholics cannot abstain for the purpose of denying life, but, as I said, it will take much more discussion to clarify it properly. The main thing you need to understand for accuracy's sake is that NFP is only an option under grave* circumstances.
KayTi
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Mfrievald - you should let wikipedia know, then. The info I took came straight from their Fertility Awareness Method pages.
Well, there are far more forums than Wikipedia that need to be corrected on the matter--many of them Catholic forums. Regardless of the rampant error out there (including any number of abuses of the language that depart from the intentions of the encyclicals), the truth is still the truth--and that truth is that the Catholic Church does not permit NFP except in grave circumstances.
*It is interesting to note that some of the translations vary. Some use the words "serious motives," instead of grave, and I've recently seen it toned down to "well-grounded reasons." That doesn't change the substance of the encyclicals, though, and it is clear -- when read in the full context(s), that there isn't a blanket sanction (permission for) of the use of NFP for Catholics.
I WILL not get into a discussion of the Catholic Church--EVER. You would not like my opinion and it has no place here.
A discussion of real world religion and theology surely has no place on this forum. I suggest locking it for all of our benefit. I knew I'd get myself in trouble bringing this subject up, but to a certain point it was both interesting and informative. It is an subject I was dealing with in a novel. Debating or discussing real world religion has unfortunately gotten dragged in.
[This message has been edited by JeanneT (edited November 13, 2007).]
[This message has been edited by JeanneT (edited November 13, 2007).]
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If you have a basic conception of sex as something that exists purely for procreation, as the Catholics do,...
*sigh*
For the record, and for the sake of accuracy, yaddah-yaddah-yaddah, the Catholic Church does not have that basic conception of sex. Please learn about it before you make such false statements. There is far more to it than that, and (trying to keep it relevant to the list) if you want to write about it, it would behoove the writer to study it quite deeply. There are any number of surprises and enlightenments about Catholicism that might come of it.
For that matter, it might even be a profitable thing to study the Catholic views of sexuality and contraception more deeply even if you aren't going to write about Catholicism. Because Catholicism has developed thought about contraception more than just about anyone else, it could give some ideas and reference points that would enhance your writing.
Anyone reading by now should be able to see that simple, unstudied statements about the Catholic view will not do to understand it. A commitment to much deeper study is required for those who care about accuracy and truth.
'The official teaching rests on the view that the innate purpose of the sexual faculty is twofold: procreation and love union. Every sexual act must be open to procreation, and must be expressive of love. This is the church’s basis for condemning masturbation, contraception, sterilization and homosexual acts. It is also the ground for condemning artificial insemination, even with the husband’s semen (AIH). Contraception is wrong, in the hierarchical magisterium’s view, because it prevents procreation. AIH is wrong because the act of insemination is not the natural act which, by its very nature, is expressive of love.'
Quoted from http://www.religion-online.org/showarticle.asp?title=113
[This message has been edited by RobertB (edited November 13, 2007).]
During Shakespeare's time (not sure how far back the practice goes or how recently it died out), they used a form of birth control you might consider (for your story...none of my business whether you consider it for your own use or not. It was actually primarily a form of STD protection, used to have sex with prostitutes without getting Siphilis (I have no idea how to spell that), but a secondary function was birth control. The woman would keep her legs together, and the man would basically have sex with her thighs, or between her thighs...not sure which preposition would best describe the act. Anyway, that might work for your purposes, JeanneT.
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The woman would keep her legs together...
LOL. Yeah, holding an aspirin between her knees helps, too.
[This message has been edited by InarticulateBabbler (edited November 13, 2007).]
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It says you can't do anything sexual which isn't aimed at procreation.
*sigh*
That does not cover all situations, so it is incomplete and inaccurate. For example -- what if one spouse was sterile? They certainly don't have to abstain from sex just because they know it isn't going to procreate.
And as far as being specific, there isn't enough room to be specific and thorough on this forum--and, as stated, it would be out of scope.
I don't think you even understand what it means to dogmatize from a Catholic perspective, so I'm not sure what you are telling me not to do. I am simply stating the truth. Deal with it. The "specific details" and much discussion to understand those details are in several encyclicals, including Humanae Vitae and others, as well as in many teachings on the theology of the body. But a discussion about those details and specifics cannot possibly be captured here with your simple, inaccurate statements. They require study and further explanation within the Magesterium of the church to understand them. If you don't want to do the work because somehow you think it is my responsibility to provide the details to you -- you are being willfully ignorant. If you want to be a willfully ignorant writer, that's up to you. You can enjoy Dan Brown's company. Tell him I said "Hi."
For example, the statement "This is the church’s basis for condemning ..." is grossly incomplete. The mentioned reasons have something to do with it, yes -- but there is far more to it than that.
It appears to have exhausted the original question, at the very least.